Fire safety is a vital part of protecting people, property, and businesses. In the UK, two key pieces of legislation define how fire safety is managed: The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 and The Fire Safety Act 2021. Together, these laws establish a robust framework for assessing and managing fire risks in buildings, with a focus on accountability and prevention.
The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005
The Fire Safety Order 2005 applies to all non-domestic premises in England and Wales, including workplaces, public buildings, and the communal areas of multi-occupied residential premises. The Order designates a “responsible person” — typically the employer, building owner, or managing agent who must:
- Conduct and regularly review a fire risk assessment;
- Implement appropriate fire safety measures to mitigate identified risks;
- Ensure effective fire detection, warning, and evacuation systems are in place;
- Provide relevant fire safety training and information to occupants and staff.
Failure to comply with the Fire Safety Order can result in enforcement action, including fines or prosecution.
The Fire Safety Act 2021
The Fire Safety Act 2021 was introduced to strengthen and clarify the scope of the Fire Safety Order, particularly in response to the Grenfell Tower tragedy.
The Act makes explicit that, in multi-occupied residential buildings, the fire risk assessment must include consideration of:
- The structure and external walls of the building (including cladding, balconies, and windows); and
- The entrance doors to individual flats that open onto communal areas.
This clarification ensures that those responsible for building safety address all elements that could contribute to the spread of fire.
Why It Matters?
Together, these laws aim to make buildings safer and ensure that those in charge of premises take proactive steps to prevent fire risks. Regular assessments, good communication, and clear safety procedures are not just legal requirements—they’re vital to saving lives.